Differentiation-induced Changes in Antioxidant Capacity and Antioxidant Response in Sh-sy5y Cells: Role of Nrf2

.................................................................................................ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................iii TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................iv LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................vii CHAPTER ONE: Introduction and Background...........................................................1 I.i Oxidative stress............................................................................................1 I.ii Cellular process resulting in oxidative stress.........................................................2 I.iii Nrf2........................................................................................................3 I.iv Keap1 regulation of Nrf2...............................................................................5 I.v Disruption of Keap1 and Nrf2 pathway...............................................................5 I.vi Cellular antioxidant defense..........................................................................10 I.vii Glutathione........................................................................................................10 I.viii Superoxide dismutase.................................................................................14 I.ix OGG1 and DNA repair....................................................................................16